Threat Advisory

C2Looper Backdoor Executes Arbitrary Commands and Deploys Payloads

Threat: Malware
Targeted Region: Global
Targeted Sector: Technology & IT
Criticality: High
[subscribe_to_unlock_form]

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:

C2Looper is a new Rust-based malware family likely tied to ransomware, first identified in. It has been delivered to victims through a multi-stage ClickFix infection chain with low to medium confidence. C2Looper supports backdoor commands including executing arbitrary commands, performing reconnaissance, and deploying second-stage payloads. In the technical analysis, C2Looper uses string encryption and dynamically resolves Windows APIs. The malware decrypts strings at runtime using a bitwise XOR operation with an 8-byte key.

Network communication is conducted through plaintext HTTP to communicate with its C2 server. The JSON object contains host information, username, DNS hostname of the compromised host, process identifier (PID), and bot ID. This information is sent to the endpoint every second to request a command. C2Looper appears to be under active development, with the latest variant using GitHub for all C2 operations, including storing exfiltrated data and reporting command output.[/subscribe_to_unlock_form]

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:

C2Looper is a new Rust-based malware family likely tied to ransomware, first identified in. It has been delivered to victims through a multi-stage ClickFix infection chain with low to medium confidence. C2Looper supports backdoor commands including executing arbitrary commands, performing reconnaissance, and deploying second-stage payloads. In the technical analysis, C2Looper uses string encryption and dynamically resolves Windows APIs. The malware decrypts strings at runtime using a bitwise XOR operation with an 8-byte key.

Network communication is conducted through plaintext HTTP to communicate with its C2 server. The JSON object contains host information, username, DNS hostname of the compromised host, process identifier (PID), and bot ID. This information is sent to the endpoint every second to request a command. C2Looper appears to be under active development, with the latest variant using GitHub for all C2 operations, including storing exfiltrated data and reporting command output.[emaillocker id="1283"]

The malware has introduced new commands and modified existing ones. It captures command output using Windows pipes and stores it in a malicious file files. Zscaler's multilayered cloud security platform detects indicators related to C2Looper at various levels.

THREAT PROFILE:

Tactic Technique Id Technique Sub-technique
Initial access T1566.002 Phishing Spearphishing Link
Execution T1059.006 Command and Scripting Interpreter Python
Persistence T1547.001 Boot or Logon Autostart Execution Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder
Defence Evasion T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information -
Collection T1005 Data from Local System -
Command and control T1071.001 Application Layer Protocol Web Protocols
Exfiltration T1041 Exfiltration Over C2 Channel -

MBC MAPPING:

Objective Behavior ID Behavior
Command & Control B0030 C2 Communication
Impact B0022 Remote Access
Anti-Static Analysis B0032 Executable Code Obfuscation
Anti-Behavioral Analysis B0003 Dynamic Analysis Evasion
Discovery E1082 System Information Discovery
Command & Control E1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

REFERENCES:

The following reports contain further technical details:

[/emaillocker]
crossmenu